What did Gregor Mendel study to develop the rules for genetic traits?

Answer 1

Around 1857, Gregor Mendel began breeding green peas to study inheritance. Although heredity was still unknown at the time, Mendel was curious about the subject. Mendel worked with green peas because they were simple to test, produced large numbers of offspring, and had different variety of traits. Mendel discovered that when he bred two true-breeding peas: one purple and one white (a purple flower's offspring will always turn out purple) produced offspring of purple flowers (why was it only purple and not white?) because the trait for a purple color for peas is more dominant. Then he decides to breed those new purple flowers. Mendel found a 3 to 1 ratio of purple and white flowers. This led to two laws from Mendel: the law of segregation and the law of independent assortment.
He studied the effects genetics had on the colors of the flowers of a plant.