yes
No it didn't.
a sea route between Portugal and India
Portugal
Brazil was a colony of Portugal. On September 7, 1822, the country declared its independence from Portugal.
Through Civil War.
Portugal was an Allie country, making it one of the countries that toke side for the Entente Powers along side with UK, France and others.
the treaty that gave portugal cotrol of parts of the new world including brazil.
Portugal was never "refounded". I guess you are talking about the gain of independence towards Spain. It was in December 1st 1640.
Arabs
It didn't; Spain DID gain control of most of Latin America.
Its empire, the Russian empire, Canada, Italy, the Empire of Japan, Portugal, USA and France.