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the portuguese
Gun-powder
It was to a cheap source of manpower that the Europeans couldn't satify in the European Colonies in America.
It depends what time period. During the time of First Century BC, China influenced Europeans with new inventions. (Compass, fireworks) etc. But during the latest centuries, Europeans influenced the chinese with military stuff. (Aircraft etc.)
We don’t know what the secret you ask about is, so you need to tell us the subject.
the portuguese
They didn't the Europeans attacked the Chinese The Chinese were rallied and attacked by the Europeans in 1861.
The Chinese thought that the Europeans were barbarians who were worst than the Manchurians and the Mongolians who were also barbarians in the eyes of the Chinese. Europeans had to bow down to the Chinese when they wanted to trade with the Chinese. The Chinese however did not abuse their power on the Europeans because the Chinese saw themselves as the "Middle Kingdom" and believed that all other nations and people in the world will eventually adopt the Chinese ways. The Chinese don't shove their culture down other people's throats. I would say that the Chinese thinking was arrogance and vanity at its best.Source: Prelude to Opium War Qing DynastyThe Chinese thought that the Europeans were barbarians
Europeans and Americans both wanted Chinese silk. They also craved their expensive tea.
they, didn't the Chinese did.
guns
lead war?
lead war?
GUNS
lead war?
No one knows. All we know is that the Chinese and Europeans helped to make the Chinese compass.
They thought Europeans were deceptive. They believed Europeans to be unsanitary.