The same as what they still do.
Shavuot ("Weeks"), seven weeks after Passover.
ROSH HASHANAH, YOM KIPPUR, SUKKOT, SHAVUOT and PASSOVER
Shabbat, Rosh Chodesh, Purim, Shushan Purim, Passover, Lag B'omer, Shavuot, Rosh Hashana, Yom Kippur, Sukkot, Hanukkah
rosh hashanah, yom kippur, passover, shavuot, sukkot.
Passover is the Jewish celebration of liberation from Egypt.=========================================The origin of the Jewish observances of Sabbath, Passover, and Shavuot are describedin the book of Exodus.
Passover commemorates the Exodus, Shavuot commemorates the Giving of the Torah, and Sukkot commemorates the protection which God gave us in the wilderness. See also the Related Link.The Jewish festivals
In the Jewish tradition, the interval between the festivals of Passover (Pesach) and Pentecost (Shavuot) is known as the Omer, and is characterized by a special blessing said every evening counting the days between the two festivals. This is a period of spiritual preparation for Pentecost, a festival that remembers God's giving the Torah to Moses at Mount Sinai.
I presume that this is a question about the Jewish festivals and not, perhaps, the Greek and Roman festivals or, farther afield, Druid and Hindu festivals. The three great Jewish festivals were then and are now Pesach (Passover), Shavuot (Pentecost, or the Feast of Weeks) and Succot (the Feast of Booths). Each of these is mandated in the festival calendars in the Torah, and on these festivals, when the Temple still stood in Jerusalem, all Jews were supposed to make a pilgrimage to Jerusalem. We also know that Hanukkah was celebrated. It is even mentioned in the New Testament as the Feast of Dedication. That one is a post-biblical holiday instituted less than 200 years before Jesus. Note that Rosh Hashana and Yom Kippur were also celebrated, but neither is technically a festival.
The main festival at Jesus time was the passover.
Jerusalem is the focal point of Pessach (Passover), Shavuot (Pentecost) and Sukkoth (Tabernacles). Why? Because the Jews were commanded to celebrate these 3 festivals in Jerusalem and bring special festive offerings to the temple in Jerusalem.
There were undoubtedly many, particularly at the time of the three festivals when everyone in the country traveled to the temple ... Passover, Shavuot, and Sukkot. But in the sense of "temple virgins" who somehow participated in the religious services there, no, there were none. Likewise, there were no human sacrifices there either.
Yes, though some Christian groups have a holiday with the same name.