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What did the fall of Rome do?

Updated: 11/5/2022
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The term fall of Rome refers to the Fall of the western part of the Roman Empire, rather than the fall of the city itself, which was never conquered. This part of the empire fell under the weight of the invasions by the Germanic peoples. The eastern part of the Roman Empire was not affected by these invasions and continued to exist for nearly 1,000 years. This part of the empire was split into kingdoms of the invaders and two other Germanic peoples who had been allowed to settle in the Roman Empire as allies. The invading Vandals set up their kingdom in modern Tunisia and part of eastern Algeria until they were dislodged by the eastern Romans after the fall of the western part. The Visigoths formed their kingdom in Hispania (Spain and Portugal). The Franks expanded their kingdom in Belgium northern France into the rest of France at the expense of the Visigoths (in the southwest) and the Burgundians (in the east). They also took over the territories of the Alemanni in southern Germany and the areas they had taken from the Romans (Switzerland and north-eastern France. Thus, the Franks developed the most powerful kingdom in Western Europe. The eastern Roman Emperor sent the Ostrogoths (who were allies) to take over Italy, which was in the hands of a usurper who had deposed the last Roman Emperor in the west. The Ostorgoths formed their own kingdom in Italy and the former Yugoslavia.

The peoples who took over of the western part of the Roman Empire, apart from the Franks, who were pagans, followed the Arian Christian doctrine . They all converted to Catholicism. The Ostogoths, instead, stuck to Arian Christianity. Italy was then invaded by the Lombards (another Germanic people) who were pagans. Many Lombards converted to Catholicism. They were then dislodged by the Franks who were asked to intervene by the pope because they were threatening the city of Rome. Pepin the king of the Franks donated lands in central Italy to the papacy (they later became the Papal States). Pope Leo II pope asked Pepin's successor, Charlemagne (who had conquered most of western Europe) for help against a rebellion in Rome and crowned him emperor. This contributed to Christianise formerly pagan areas of western Europe and to establish the supremacy of the papacy.

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Q: What did the fall of Rome do?
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