Source: Wikipedia Cat Stevens relates that he nearly drowned off the coast of California in 1976 when he shouted for God to save him. Thereafter he was grateful for being saved and thus he began searching to quench his thirst for spirituality. Stevens relates that he never found what he was looking for in many major religions. One day, his brother gave him a copy of the Koran. Stevens felt that in his opinion that is what he was looking for. S tevens took a liking to the story of Joseph in the Koran, feeling he could relate to that story. Stevens converted to Islam and abandoned his pop career in 1977. He adopted the name Yusuf Islam in 1988. More information is available through Internet search
No. Allah is the Arabic word for "God", so this is not a person. However, God is very important in Islam, just as God is important in Christianity.
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he felt like being important
Muhammad, the founder of Islam, was a descendant of Abraham through Abraham's son (with his wife's servant), Shem.
Five pillars of Islam are very important because they are the basis of Islam. Without believing in and practising on these pillars no one can claim to be a Muslim.
There have been a number of famous people who have changed their names to Islamic names, so it appears to be an accepted practice. Some examples are: Cat Stevens became Yusuf Islam Cassius Clay became Muhammad Ali Lew Alcindor became Kareem Abdul-Jabbar
Nyquil is not considered haram in Islam unless it contains alcohol. Islam prohibits the consumption of alcohol, so it is important to check the ingredients of Nyquil before using it.
There is no such thing as "the Sunni Movement". There is the Sunni Sect of Islam and there are numerous movements within Sunni Islam, but no movement so important that it has eclipsed all others.
they provide the ritual obligations that need to be followed
It depends entirely on perspective. Islam is not a monolith and has many different sects (Sunni, Shiite, Ibadi, Khariji, Ahmadi, etc.) that within them have many different schools (Maliki, Hanafi, Hanbali, Shafi'i, Ja'afari, etc.) and different bases of interpretation (some use XYZ hadith, some use YZ hadith, some use TX hadith, etc.). Furthermore, there is a question of conservatism and liberalism. How conservative should a person be in interpreting the law? Where is a person living? What kind of congregation are we dealing with? What is the speaker's ideal of Islam? As a result, the "best" description of Islam depends on taste. Probably, the best voice to describe American Islam is Hamza Yusuf, to describe Western European Islam is Tariq Ramadan, to describe Egyptian Islam is Yusuf al-Qaradawi, etc. Additionally, any religion can be well borne-out by the primary sources, so reading the Qur'an, the Hadith, and the Biography of the Prophet can further elucidate the religion of Islam.
There is no such thing as "the Sunni Movement". There is the Sunni Sect of Islam and there are numerous movements within Sunni Islam, but no movement so important that it has eclipsed all others.