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DNA polymerase is responsible for the process of DNA replication, during which a double-stranded DNA molecule is copied into two identical DNA molecules. Scientists have taken advantage of the power of DNA polymerase molecules to copy DNA molecules in test tubes via a polymerase chain reaction, also known as PCR.
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MaMaMia
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∙ 13y agoDNA polymerase is the enzyme that actually adds nucleotides to the 3' end of a chain (it can only build a strand from 5' to 3'). Remember that DNA polymerase cannot start the replication process and that a RNA primer has to be in place before DNA polymerase can start working!
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∙ 6y agoIt catalyzes the transcription of DNA.
DNA polymerases exist as dimers associated with the other necessary proteins at the replication fork and this representation is identified as the replisome. The template for the lagging strand is temporarily looped through the replisome such that the DNA polymerases are moving along both strands in the 3'---->5' direction simultaneously for short distances, up to the distance of an Okazaki fragment.
As the replication forks progresses along the template strands, the newly synthesized daughter strands and parental template strands reform a DNA double helix. Hence it is explicit that that only a small stretch of the template duplex is single-stranded at any given time.
The progression of the replication fork requires that the DNA ahead of the fork be continuously unwound. Since the eukaryotic chromosomal DNA is attached to a protein scaffold the progressive movement of the replication fork thus intruding severe torsional stress into the duplex ahead of the fork.
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∙ 14y agoIt is an enzyme that catalyses the synthesis of DNA.
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∙ 12y agoDNA polymerase attaches (polymerizes) nucleotides together to make polynucleotides using a strand of DNA that has already been unzipped by DNA helicase.
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∙ 11y agoThey are mostly active in copying the DNA, where they "read" the original DNA strand like a template, then copy it.
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∙ 10y agoDNA polymerases add nucleotides and correct replication errors.
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Fills in gaps in DNA
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What type of chemical reaction is used to put DNA nucleotides together to make DNA?
The backbone of the DNA strand (referred to as phosphate-deoxyribose backbone) is made of alternating phosphate and sugar residues (2'-deoxyribose). The sugars are joined together by phosphate groups via phosphodiester bonds between adjacent sugar rings. The double helix is stabilized by hydrogen bonds between the bases attached to the two strands. A base attached to a sugar residue, which in turn attached to a phosphate group is referred to as a nucleotide.
What checks DNA for error?
DNA fingerprinting
Principle enzyme involved in DNA replication?
DNA Polymerase.
What is the function of DNA helicare in DNA replication?
DNA Helicase unwinds and unzips the DNA. It separates the two strands of DNA so DNA replication can occur.
A biologist is studying the process of how DNA is copied study which one DNA transcription DNA elongation DNA translocation DNA polymerase DNA replication?
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What type of chemical reaction is used to put DNA nucleotides together to make DNA?
The backbone of the DNA strand (referred to as phosphate-deoxyribose backbone) is made of alternating phosphate and sugar residues (2'-deoxyribose). The sugars are joined together by phosphate groups via phosphodiester bonds between adjacent sugar rings. The double helix is stabilized by hydrogen bonds between the bases attached to the two strands. A base attached to a sugar residue, which in turn attached to a phosphate group is referred to as a nucleotide.
How is DNA able to replicate?
DNA replication is semi-conservative i.e during replication one strand comes fron the parent and another is made complementary to it .The enzymes which helps in its duplication r collectively called REPLIOSOMES or multiple replication enzyme complex. for replication first unwinding should take place and this is done by breaking hydrogen bonding between the nitrogen bases with the help of HELICASES then SSPBs( single strand binding proteins) keep the strands in structured manner so that easy polymerisation of nucleotides should take place and finally TOPOISOMERASES introduce negative coils in the strand by introducing a nick in one of the strands and rejoins the cut again to remove tension on the strand .But It is actually with the help of DNA polymerases and RNA primer that DNA is able is able to replicate.DNA polymerases r of three types namely DNA POLYMARASE 1: IT IS INVOLVED IN REMOVAL OF RNA PRIMER IN THE TEMPLATE STRAND OR PARENT STRAND. it should b noted that no DNA polymerase can initiate DNA replication .it is the RNA primer which initiates DNA replication .it start on adding rna which is then removed by DNA polymerase 1 .to initiate DNA replication is not easy for DNA polymerase as they can commit a lot of mistakes n hence rna primer form rna portion only to make a perfect DNA DNA POLYMERASE2: IT IS TO REPAIR THE DNA DURING INJURY DNA POLYMERASE3:WHICH IS THE REAL REPLICATING ENZYME All of them have endonuclease activity in 3'-5' directionwhich help in proof reading or editing function when its frequency of making mistake is 1 out of 10,000 nucleotides.DNA formation has direction always from 5'-3' since the two strands r anti-parralel hence one(LEADING STRAND) is formed in continuous manner while other(LAGGING) in fragments called OKAZAKI FRAGMENTS
How is DNA tested and why?
by DNA fingerprinting method , DNA-DNA hybirdization or DNA sequencing. to know the sequence of DNA
What checks DNA for error?
DNA fingerprinting
How would the DNA of the human compare to the DNA of the duck?
DNA is DNA it can not be changed.
Principle enzyme involved in DNA replication?
DNA Polymerase.
What is a DNA molecule containing regions from different sources?
Chimeras. In genetic engineering, molecules of combined DNA are known as chimeras because they are produced by combining DNA from different species. Combined DNA is also known as recombinant DNA, since DNA from 2 sources has been recombined to produce it.
What enzyme binds fragments of DNA on the lagging strand?
The enzyme that is used to bind DNA fragments together is DNA ligase. Using DNA ligase to join DNA fragments is the last step in the production of a recombinant DNA plasmid.
What is the function of DNA helicare in DNA replication?
DNA Helicase unwinds and unzips the DNA. It separates the two strands of DNA so DNA replication can occur.
A biologist is studying the process of how DNA is copied study which one DNA transcription DNA elongation DNA translocation DNA polymerase DNA replication?
o
What is a synonym for DNA replication?
IT can be called * DNA duplication * DNA reproduction * DNA imitation
How does the DNA helix relate to DNA?
It is how the DNA is constructed.
