Jews believe that God promised the Holy Land to the Jewish people as an eternal inheritence (Genesis 28:10-14). They also believe that the land itself has a special character because of the Divinely-Created relationship between it and the Jewish people.
It is the land promised to us by God (Genesis ch.15 and many other Bible passages).
Israel.
Israel is the Jewish homeland. It is where the Jews originated from.
the Holy Land did not spread. If anything, it has shrunk since ancient times.
The Romans
Diaspora
Reb Saunders believes, like a number of Orthodox Jews, that the Galut (the Exile from the Holy Land) was a divine act of punishment because Jews had violated the commandments that God had given them. When God believed that the Jewish people had repented and were ready for the Messiah, this Messiah would come and bring the Jews back to the Holy Land. Until that time, Jews will remain in exile. They see a Return to the Holy Land as being an act of blasphemy because Jews should wait for God to bring them into the Holy Land and not to physically move there of their own free will.
Jesus did not lead the Jews to freedom. The Romans went on to destroy the Holy Temple and expel the Jews from the land.
Diaspora. It refers to the emigration of the Jews into areas outside Palestine.
God directed the Jews, who were led by Moses and Joshua.
Christians, Jews, and Muslims
The Christians wanted to release the holy land (Jerusalem) from the Jews.
Many people think of it as a holy place, the Jews and Muslims want it really badly. which causes fighting. the Muslims think it is their land and it's not fair that the Jews got it. and the Jews want to keep it because it is where they want to build their temple for when the mesiah comes.