V-8 engines have 16 lifters and the V-6 engines have 12 lifters.
All 1971 VW Beetle engines were manufactured with solid valve lifters.
12
Yes they are.
Yes.
Unless it's a really old Corolla, none. Corollas have overhead-cam engines, which don't use lifters.
Noisy lifters in 2.2 and 2.5 sohc engines are usually indicative of a worn camshaft, as many were replaced under warranty.
They all had hydraulic lifters. To determine if it has roller lifters, you'd probably need to take off the intake manifold and have a look.
All engines in a 2001 Lumina use hydraulic lifters. These lifters are self adjusting. Lifter related valvetrain noise is most commonly caused by failure to replace the lifters after destroying them by excessive driving with water-contaminated oil.
Muscles
a lot of 3.1 engines do this, if it is not severe then it should be ok...
These engines would tick if they were low on oil. Try changing the oil and filter and rechecking it. But these engines were also good for having lifters go bad. If the oil change doesn't work, and providing the engine is in good mechanical condition (no sludge build up, etc...) put some lifters in and you should be good to go.