The subject(s).
Scientists.
A reproducible experiment.
A controlled experiment.
Pennsylvania was called a holy experiment because a bunch of Quakers decided to experiment (it was holy because it was just Quakers) and try to make a community in what is now Pennsylvania.
Observations and measurements made during an experiment are called the data.
experiment
You call it an OBSERVATION.
No
Frankenstien
a hypothesis
Variables .
A variable