you hope the IRS doesn't find out about it, not. you contact the tax company and tell them you made a mistake and fix it. they should send you a new form and you can refill it
Disability and taxes are unrelated. If you were injured on the job, file with the employment security office of your state. If not, check with Social Security.
If the school is your employer, and they are taking out Social Security taxes from your pay check then, yes they need your social security.
Social Security (FICA) taxes are withheld from your gross (before tax) salary.
Social Security is a federal program. It is a federal "tax" not a state tax.
You don't need a social security number to be anything. You need a social security number solely as an identifier for tax purposes. An employer will ask for a social security number because it must pay some taxes on your behalf as well as pay your portion of payroll taxes and withholding directly to the US Treasury. If your parents never got you a SSN you can simply apply for yourself at the nearest Social Security office. You will have to bring a birth certificate to prove that you are a US citizen.
NO - a tax EIN number is an Employer Identification Number. This is like a Social Security Number of sorts for a business. If a business is Incoporated and/or has employees this number identifies the business as such and is the number the payroll taxes are filed under. It has nothing to do with the tax exempt status.
Yes.
1099-G or Form 940 - Yearly
No. FICA taxes (Social Security, Medicare, etc) are only paid on earned income.
Social security: 6.2%
Yes, taxes are typically not taken out of Social Security benefits before you receive them. However, you may owe income taxes on your Social Security benefits depending on your total income and filing status.
Because the IRS requires the name of the responsible party for the EIN, and your Social Security number allows them to verify who you are and to locate you if you default on business taxes or are delinquent in filing required paperwork.