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It has been said that Australia rides on the sheep's back. This is a colloquialism to say that the sheep industry in Australia, particularly wool more so than meat, was a driving force in the early economy of Australia. From the time the first sheep were imported by John Macarthur, the new Merino breed was specially developed for Australian conditions. The breed was hardy and able to withstand the Australian conditions, and it produced fine, thick wool which was in great demand in England.

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