What does centralized government mean?

Answer 1

A centralized government is the form of government in which power is concentrated in a central authority to which local governments are subject. Centralization occurs both geographically and politically. A centralized government is characterized in which the local governments are designated by the central Government of the country, like the local administrative authorities. In this type of republic unlike a federal republic, local legislative assemblies do not exist.

Nearly any government can be said to centralize their power to a degree. The term is applied to governments that vest limited authority to its subjects and often used in comparative terms, such as "highly centralized government" or "weakly centralized government". From: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centralized_government