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It depends on the type of battery. In many batteries the electrolyte is not consumed in the process. It provides ions to one side of the reaction, and these ions are replaced in the other side maintaining the reaction.

However in other reactions (such as the lead-acid battery in a car) the electrolyte (sulphuric acid) is consumed in the reaction (that is it combines with the electrodes depositing there, a reaction that is reversed with recharging), leaving an electrolyte that is mostly water.

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Q: What does electrolyte do inside a battery?
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