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He sold his soul to the Devil.
In Washington Irving's "The Devil and Tom Walker," Tom makes a deal to become rich in exchange for his soul. Since he has a personal abhorence4 to the slave trade, he finally agrees to become a usurer to acquire his wealth.
"Old Scratch" offers Tom the riches of the swamp hidden by Captain Kidd in exchange for Tom's soul.
Tom walker rejects at first but then gives in. He believes he can cheat out the devil. This shows his interest in only personal gain.
The satire of the story is Tom and his wifes marriage.
Tom Walker meets the Devil at the old fort in the swamp. The Devil appears to him as a dark figure, with features that become more distinct as they speak.
The agreement with the devil in "The Devil and Tom Walker" reveals that Tom is willing to make Faustian bargains for personal gain, even if it means sacrificing his moral values or soul. It reflects his greed, selfishness, and desperation for wealth and power.
At the end of "The Devil and Tom Walker," it is heavily implied that Tom's soul is taken by the devil, as he disappears without a trace and his belongings are reduced to ashes by the devil. This outcome is a consequence of Tom's greed and pact with the devil for wealth.
Tom = greeddevil = temptation
The initial incident in "The Devil and Tom Walker" occurs when Tom meets the mysterious black man in the woods, who reveals himself as the devil and offers Tom great wealth in exchange for his soul. Tom declines the offer at first but eventually agrees after failing to secure wealth through other means.
First, the narrator reveals Tom Walker's plans when he decides to make a deal with the devil to become wealthy by agreeing to become a usurer and collect souls for Satan. Second, the narrator also discloses his plans when he tries to cheat the devil by pretending to be religious and invoking the name of God to avoid fulfilling his end of the bargain.
In "The Devil and Tom Walker," the devil asks for Tom Walker's soul as payment for granting him wealth and success. Tom refuses to give his soul, but the devil takes him to hell anyway.