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DOD must use them, and they have limited liability.
While not a US citizen, It is my understanding that where federal law has jurisdiction, it is supreme, state law would need to change to meet the federal requirements. Yes, the Federal Law trumps the state law.
"throw it all in the ocean" Federal government
In the US Constitution, the Article VI, Section 2, Supremacy Clause declares federal law supersedes state law if the two are in conflict, but it's inaccurate to say the "clause is used to determine if a state law conflicts with federal law." Any part of the Constitution that provides guidelines for a specific law, and applies equally to the state and federal government, may be used to make that determination; the Supremacy Clause simply states if a state law conflicts with federal law, the federal law prevails.
a national economy and a strong federal government
In the United States, federal law supercedes state law, so if something is illegal under federal law, it doesn't matter what the state says. However, if federal law doesn't say anything about it, then the state is free to impose whatever laws it wants.
Some would say federalism, or nationalism. Many, but not all, of the Marshall Court's decisions upheld the supremacy of federal and constitutional law over state law.
I would say the FBI, ATF, and DEA are the most widely known Federal Law Enforcement Agencies.
It can depend. One might say that Federal Law is supreme because it is applicable in all 50 states and all territories of the US. Whereas, state law is applicable only within the borders of that particular state. However, while federal and state law sometimes overlap one another ((i.e.: Bank robbery or interstate autho theft, etc) federal laws do not, and were not, meant to cover all eventualities of every possible state ordnance.
DoD may use them; if they are used, they only have limited pecuniary liability.
The order to apply is: Federal Constitution Federal Statute Federal Case Law Federal Regulations State Constitution State Statute State Case Law State Regulations
It says that federal laws takes precedence over a state law. This is known as the supremacy clause.