In the 3rd week of pregnancy called gastrulation, specialized cells on the dorsal side of the fetus begin to change shape and form the neural tube.
if measurement of neural tube is greater than 2.5mm indicates down syndrome
The ectoderm nearest the embryonic midline - often described as the neuroectoderm - does form into the neural tube, the embryonic structure from which the nervous system develops. However, more lateral ectoderm matures into skin and associated tissues.
Neural tube.
The neural tube closes around the 28th day of gestation, so that would be at the end of the fourth week.
Nervous Tissue
In the embryo the neural tube forms the central nervous system in the fetus, which is the brain and spinal cord. The reason pregnant women are given folic acid supplementation is to help prevent neural tube defects, which can range from fairly benign all the way to anencephaly (where the baby is born without a brain).
The neural tube is the embryonic predecessor of the brain and spinal cord. Which means, most of what it "does" is develop into a brain and spinal cord. The neural tube is initially formed almost exclusively of stem and progenitor cells. Over time, these stem and progenitor cells adopt specific identities and begin to differentiate neurons and later glial cells and these cells begin forming neural circuits. By the time the neural tube has developed to a point where it is capable of carrying out rudimentary neurological functions, the nomenclature is generally changed to brain and spinal cord rather than neural tube.
The neural tube
Neural Tube
Rachichisis is a rare form of the neural tube birth defect Spina Bifida where there is a cleft or "split" along the entire length of the spine.
Neural Tube Defect