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It's called the Coriolis Force, the effect of living on a rotating sphere.

Imagine you are on the equator. As the Earth rotates daily you are going round 25,000 in 24 hours, so a linear speed of over 1000 mph. On the other hand, at the poles your speed is zero.

If you walk northwards from the equator, your sideways speed soon starts to reduce from its maximum of 1000 mph. Moving from 44 degrees north to 46 degrees north your speed reduces from 749 mph to 724 mph, and this deceleration is produced by a force pushing you to the left as you walk - this is the Coriolis force.

You can generate coriolis forces by riding on a children's roundabout: as you move around you can feel the force pushing you sideways.

It the north and south hemispheres the force acts oppositely.

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Q: What effect causes wind and water currents to rotate opposite in the northern and southern hemisphere?
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