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What explains why the ratio of adenine to thymine is nearly 11?
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What did chargraff discover about the frequency of the nucleotides?
Chargaff discovered that in DNA, there is a 1:1 ratio of adenine and thymine, and a 1:1 ratio of guanine and cytosine. This led to the rule that adenine always pairs with thymine and guanine always pairs with cytosine.
Why all organism have same ratio of base pair in DNA?
Organisms normally have equal amounts of the bases adenine and thymine (ratio of A:T = 1) and equal amounts of the bases cytosine and guanine (ratio C:G = 1). The reason is that there is specific base pairing ie adenine can only pair with thymine and cytosine can only pair with guanine. So in a DNA double helix, every adenine in one strand must be paired with a thymine in the other strand. Similarly, every cytosine in one strand must be paired with a guanine in the other strand. Each base pair consists of a purine and a pyrimidine. Adenine and guanine are purines and thymine and cytosine are pyrimidines. This relationship between purines and pyrimidines was discovered by Erwin Chargaff in the 1950's. See: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chargaff%27s_rules
What statement about Chargaffs rules is carrect?
Observations by Erwin Chargaff that concentrations of the four nucleotide bases differ among species. Within a species, the concentrations of adenine and thymine are always about the same and the concentrations of cytosine and guanine are always about the same. In each species, the amount of adenine equals the amount of thymine. The amount of guanine equals the amount of cytosine.
What is Chrgaff's rule?
Chargaff's rules says that the DNA that comes from any cell of any organism should have a 1:1 ratio of pyrimidine and purine bases. It further states that the amount of guanine be equal to cytosine and the amount of adenine equal that of thymine.
Does a basketball have a lot of surface to volume ratio?
No. A sphere has the smallest surface to volume ratio possible and a basketball is nearly spherical in shape (it has surface dimpling and seams).
What did chargraff discover about the frequency of the nucleotides?
Chargaff discovered that in DNA, there is a 1:1 ratio of adenine and thymine, and a 1:1 ratio of guanine and cytosine. This led to the rule that adenine always pairs with thymine and guanine always pairs with cytosine.
If thirty five percent thymine what percentages of each of the other bases are contained the same gene?
what is the ratio of Adenine to Thymine? What percent remains for Cytosine and Guanine? What is the ratio of Cytosine to Guanine?
Why all organism have same ratio of base pair in DNA?
Organisms normally have equal amounts of the bases adenine and thymine (ratio of A:T = 1) and equal amounts of the bases cytosine and guanine (ratio C:G = 1). The reason is that there is specific base pairing ie adenine can only pair with thymine and cytosine can only pair with guanine. So in a DNA double helix, every adenine in one strand must be paired with a thymine in the other strand. Similarly, every cytosine in one strand must be paired with a guanine in the other strand. Each base pair consists of a purine and a pyrimidine. Adenine and guanine are purines and thymine and cytosine are pyrimidines. This relationship between purines and pyrimidines was discovered by Erwin Chargaff in the 1950's. See: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chargaff%27s_rules
Nitrogen Bases in DNA?
Macromolecules In addition to the C, the H and the O, they also contain nitrogen (N). All of these elements are arranged to form amino acids. Amino acids are the building blocks ... But, you notice that you have two types of nucleic acids. ... These nitrogenous bases pair up to help form the famous double helix you may have heard about with DNA.
How are the base pairing rules related to Chargaff on DNA?
Chargaff's rules state that DNA from any cell of all organisms should have a 1:1 ratio of pyrimidine and purine bases and, more specifically, that the amount of guanine is equal to cytosine and the amount of adenine is equal to thymine.
What statement about Chargaffs rules is carrect?
Observations by Erwin Chargaff that concentrations of the four nucleotide bases differ among species. Within a species, the concentrations of adenine and thymine are always about the same and the concentrations of cytosine and guanine are always about the same. In each species, the amount of adenine equals the amount of thymine. The amount of guanine equals the amount of cytosine.
Who developed the rules for joining DNA?
Erwin Chargaff noticed that adenine and thymine occur in a 1:1 ratio and cytosine and guanine occur in a 1:1 ratio. James Watson and Francis Crick used this discovery, among others, to develop their model of the DNA molecule.
If a segment of DNA has 20 adenine in its base composition what percent thymine is there?
The concentration of A must be equal to the concentration of T and the concentration of G must be equal to the concentration of C. This is because of the base pair rules that state that A pairs with T and G pairs with C. If you have a gene where [A] is 20%, this means that [T] also equals 20%. This puts the total concentration of A and T at 40%. Therefore the concentration of G and C is 100-40 which is 60%. This means that the concentrations of G and C are each 30%. []=concentration
What is Chrgaff's rule?
Chargaff's rules says that the DNA that comes from any cell of any organism should have a 1:1 ratio of pyrimidine and purine bases. It further states that the amount of guanine be equal to cytosine and the amount of adenine equal that of thymine.
What is the ratio between adenine and guadine?
Chargaff's rule states that: A + G = T + CWhere A = Adenine, G = Guanine, C = Cytosine, and T = Thymine Also, G = C and A = T Some people discuss the G + C content of DNA. This refers to the amount of G + C relative to A + T. They use a simple variation of Chargaff's rule to show that: G + CA + T If G + C is equal to A + T then the ration is 1. If there is a higher G + C content of the species, it will be greater than 1. If there is a lower G + C content of the species, it will be less than 1.
What was Chargaff's conclusion?
Chargaff made an observation about DNA that was very important in the determination of its structure. He noticed that the amount of adenine always equaled the amount of the thymine, and the amount of cytosine always equaled the amount of guanine. This principle is known as chargaffs rule, and it helped Watson and crick eventually realize that A paired with T and C paired with G.
What ratio explains the gray flowers and white flower in second generation?
Dh
