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The development of agriculture is the primary driver in the development of ancient civilizations. In a hunter-gatherer society, essentially all labor is dedicated to finding food. With the development of agriculture, food supplies become consistent, and the number of people that farmers can feed is greater than the number of people needed to run the farms. Because of that, people begin to specialize in other jobs, and from there civilization emerges.
The development of a system of writing, such as cuneiform, enabled Mesopotamians to keep records related to trade. Additionally, the geographic location of Mesopotamia, which was situated between major trade routes, allowed for the exchange of goods and ideas with neighboring civilizations. The invention of the wheel and plow also facilitated trade by making transportation and agriculture more efficient.
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First civilization developed with the greeks.
C Normandy coast in France
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Job specialization, then development of agriculture, then social stratification
The development of agriculture is the primary driver in the development of ancient civilizations. In a hunter-gatherer society, essentially all labor is dedicated to finding food. With the development of agriculture, food supplies become consistent, and the number of people that farmers can feed is greater than the number of people needed to run the farms. Because of that, people begin to specialize in other jobs, and from there civilization emerges.
The development of agriculture allowed for a more stable food supply, leading to settlements, population growth, and the rise of social complexity. It also enabled the specialization of labor, the establishment of permanent structures, and the growth of civilizations. Agriculture fundamentally transformed human societies from hunter-gatherer lifestyles to settled communities with defined roles and hierarchies.
The Middle East's position on the crossroads of international trade has resulted in its central importance early in history. This is why the Middle East was the location of some of the earliest civilizations.
Bodies of water, such as rivers, lakes, and coastlines, played a vital role in determining the location of early civilizations. These water sources provided access to fresh water for drinking, irrigation for agriculture, and transportation for trade and communication. They also supported the growth of food resources, attracting human settlements and facilitating the development of complex societies.
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How did Rome's location affect its development
How did Rome's location affect its development
Sedentary agriculture refers to a farming practice where people settle in one place and cultivate crops on a permanent plot of land. This is in contrast to nomadic agriculture, where people move with their crops and livestock. Sedentary agriculture allows for more permanent settlements and the development of more complex societies.
Rivers are a handy source of water for agriculture and other purposes, but they are hardly the only source of water; rain falls in any location that is not a desert, and there are also lakes. And for regions where there is less water available, there are still plants that are adapted to semi-arid conditions. Some civilizations are less dependent upon agriculture than others. There are nomadic lifestyles, there are trade-based cultures which import food, and so forth. Even in the desert, some people live at an oasis and eat dates from the desert palm trees.
The development of a system of writing, such as cuneiform, enabled Mesopotamians to keep records related to trade. Additionally, the geographic location of Mesopotamia, which was situated between major trade routes, allowed for the exchange of goods and ideas with neighboring civilizations. The invention of the wheel and plow also facilitated trade by making transportation and agriculture more efficient.