Outside of the Jewish community, I am aware of no feasts that celebrate Israelites. Inside the Jewish community, there are 3. Pesach (Passover) in the spring celebrates the liberation of the Israelites from Egyptian bondage. Shavuot (Pentecost, the Feast of Weeks) celebrates the giving of the Torah to Moses and the Israelites at Mount Sinai. Succot (Booths) remembers the Israelites living in flimsy temporary booths during their desert wanderings. Each of these festivals has a secondary meaning as a harvest festival. All of these are part of the festival calendar laid out in the Torah.
Passover is the feast that celebrates the exodus of the Israelites from Egypt. It commemorates the Israelites' liberation from slavery and their journey to freedom led by Moses. During Passover, a Seder meal is held where specific foods and prayers are shared to retell the story of the exodus.
Jews.
Epiphany celebrates the arrival of the Magi.
Christmas
Christmas
Passover.
Holy Thursday celebrates the institution of the Eucharist.
Thanksgiving
Catholicism.
Passover
Pentecost