Nucleic Acids
Ribosomal RNA, Transfer RNA, and Messenger RNA
The repeating structural unit that forms RNA and DNA is a nucleotide. Each nucleotide consists of a sugar molecule, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base (adenine, thymine, cytosine, or guanine). These nucleotides link together to form the long chains of RNA and DNA molecules.
nucleotide
DNA has coded instructions for making proteins, and RNA translates the code.
Uracil is the nitrogen base found in RNA but not in DNA. It replaces thymine, which is found in DNA and not in RNA. Uracil forms base pairs with adenine in RNA during transcription and translation processes.
DNA can form triple-stranded structures, although this is not common in nature. RNA can also form triple-stranded structures, particularly in certain non-canonical forms of RNA. Overall, triple-stranded structures are less common than the more prevalent double-stranded forms of DNA and RNA.
Yes, DNA and all forms of RNA are nucleic acids.
Because DNA forms a double helix.
Phosphorus
Several forms of RNA include messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). The process of changing DNA code into proteins, known as protein synthesis, involves transcription (where RNA is transcribed from DNA) and translation (where the RNA is translated into protein by ribosomes). The mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes, tRNA brings amino acids to the ribosomes according to the mRNA code, and rRNA helps in the assembly of amino acids into proteins at the ribosomes.
Components that form the backbone of DNA and RNA are the same: repeating units of a sugar and a phosphate. In case of DNA, sugar is deoxyribose and in case of RNA the sugar is ribose. Both of these molecules are very important in the filed of genetics.
The process in which a mRNA molecule forms (by base-pairing) along a part of a DNA molecule is called transcription.