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What generation languages give the programmer direct control over hardware resources?
We don't use the term "generation" in relation to programming languages as it has no actual meaning. The general inference is that machine code is a first generation language (1GL) while low-level assembly language is a second-generation language (2GL), both of which allow direct control over hardware resources. All high-level languages are regarded as third-generation languages (3GL), but this doesn't actually tell you anything about the language itself. Even high-level languages like C and C++ allow direct control over hardware resources while Java does not, and yet all are regarded as being 3GL.
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Are Second-generation languages are also known as assembly languages?
Yes, that is correct. Second-generation languages, also known as assembly languages, provide a low-level interface between software and hardware. They use mnemonic codes and symbolic names to represent machine code instructions, making programming closer to the hardware level compared to high-level languages.
What do you mean by programming language.explain generation of it?
A programming language is a formal set of instructions that allows humans to communicate with computers and create software applications. Programming languages are typically categorized into generations based on their abstraction level: First-generation languages (1GL) are low-level, machine languages that consist of binary code directly executed by the computer's hardware. Second-generation languages (2GL) are assembly languages that use symbolic representations of machine code, making them slightly easier to read and write. Third-generation languages (3GL) are high-level languages like Python, Java, and C++, which provide more abstraction and are closer to human languages. Fourth-generation languages (4GL) are even more abstract, often used for specific tasks such as database queries and report generation, focusing on what to do rather than how to do it.
What are the advantages of the second generation language?
Well, isn't that just a happy little question! Second generation languages, like assembly language, can be more efficient and closer to the computer's own language, making them faster to execute. They also offer more control over hardware resources, allowing for more precise programming. Remember, there are many ways to express your creativity in the world of programming!
Three programming languages?
1GL or first-generation language was (and still is) machine language or the level of instructions and data that the processor is actually given to work on (which in conventional computers is a string of 0s and 1s). 2GL or second-generation language is assembler (sometimes called "assembly") language. A typical 2GL instruction looks like this: ADD 12,8 An assembler converts the assembler language statements into machine language. 3GL or third-generation language is a "high-level" programming language, such as PL/I, C, or Java. Java language statements look like this: public boolean handleEvent (Event evt) { switch (evt.id) { case Event.ACTION_EVENT: { if ("Try me" .equald(evt.arg)) { A compiler converts the statements of a specific high-level programming language into machine language. (In the case of Java, the output is called bytecode, which is converted into appropriate machine language by a Java virtual machine that runs as part of an operating system platform.) A 3GL language requires a considerable amount of programming knowledge. 4GLor fourth-generation language is designed to be closer to natural language than a 3GL language. Languages for accessing databases are often described as 4GLs. A 4GL language statement might look like this: EXTRACT ALL CUSTOMERS WHERE "PREVIOUS PURCHASES" TOTAL MORE THAN $1000 5GL or fifth-generation language is programming that uses a visual or graphical development interface to create source language that is usually compiled with a 3GL or 4GL language compiler. Microsoft, Borland, IBM, and other companies make 5GL visual programming products for developing applications in Java, for example. Visual programming allows you to easily envision object-oriented programming class hierarchies and drag icons to assemble program components.
What are the five high level programming language?
1.First Generation Programming LanguageFirst generation of programming language refers to machine language. Machine language is lower level language which uses object code (some times also known as machine code). Object code is the combination of binary digits. These languages directly talk to hardware.2.Second Generation Programming LanguageSecond generation of languages is also low level language which is known as assembly language. Assembly languages are the interface between Machine level languages and High level languages.3.Third Generation Programming LanguageThird Generation programming languages are High level Programming languages like JAVA & C.4.Fourth Generation Programming LanguageThis is the set of current generation programming languages. These languages are similar or closer to human languages.General characteristics of 4GL are:i.Closer to human languagesii.Portableiii.Database supportiveiv.simple and requires less effort than 3GLv.Non proceduralDifferent types of 4 GL are:a. Query Generatorb. Report generatorc. Form Generatord. Application Generatore. GUI Generatorf. Relational Database Manager5.Fifth Generation Programming LanguageLanguages used for writing programs for Artificial Intelligence, Neural Network, Plasma Computing etc. come under 5GL. This is the future of programming language.
General categories of computer languages?
*Low-level languages -- "natural language" of a computer & such as , is defined by its hardware design.. it is also a machine dependent, can be used on only one type of a computer. *assembly languages -- a set of instruction that a programmer can used to create program for use on a specific proccessor. *High-level languages -- that provide s some level of abstractions from assembler language & independence from a particular type of machine.
What are the characteristics of each generations of programming language?
Programming languages are categorized into generations based on their level of abstraction and ease of use. First Generation (1GL): These are low-level languages, primarily machine code, which are specific to a computer's architecture and require extensive knowledge of hardware. Second Generation (2GL): Assembly languages fall into this category, providing a slightly higher abstraction with mnemonic codes representing machine instructions, making it easier for programmers to write code. Third Generation (3GL): High-level languages like C, Java, and Python focus on human readability and abstraction from hardware, allowing for more complex programming without detailed knowledge of the machine. Fourth Generation (4GL): These languages are even more abstract, often domain-specific, and designed for specific tasks like database management, enabling rapid application development with less code. Fifth Generation (5GL): This generation involves languages used for artificial intelligence and incorporates constraints and logic programming, focusing on solving problems rather than writing code.
Why 4th generation and 5th generation have no quickly proliferated in the programming language?
They are meaningless buzzwords. The term 3GL came first after the introduction of third generation hardware. Although some languages have claimed to be 4GL and 5GL, they are all informal classifications, buzzwords adopted by marketing types that have no specific meaning. All high-level languages are correctly classified according to their type: imperative; declarative; functional; object-oriented; and so on.
What are the objectives of an assembler in IT department?
The objective of assembler is to provide a programmer oriented interface to the hardware of a particular computer
What are the five languages used in five generations of computers?
The five generations of computers are associated with distinct programming languages that reflect their technological advancements. First Generation (1940-1956): Machine language, consisting of binary code, was used for programming. Second Generation (1956-1963): Assembly language emerged, allowing programmers to write instructions using symbolic representations. Third Generation (1964-1971): High-level languages like FORTRAN and COBOL were introduced, which abstracted hardware details and improved productivity. Fourth Generation (1971-Present): Languages such as C, C++, and Java were developed, focusing on efficiency and modular programming. Fifth Generation (Present and Beyond): Languages like Prolog and Python are used, emphasizing artificial intelligence and natural language processing capabilities.
What does python do in high level language?
There are two basic categories of languages: low-level and high-level. A low-level language interacts with the hardware directly or mostly directly, so an intimate knowledge of the underlying hardware being programmed for must exist. Low-level languages are also relatively difficult to move from one computing platform to another (such as from Windows to a Mac). A high-level language abstracts the hardware, and so programming becomes more solution-oriented and less hardware-oriented. Python does not offer access to the underlying hardware directly, and allows you to perform numerous low-level instructions in just a few lines of code. Thus, since Python substantially removes the programmer from the hardware, it is a high-level language.
Who usually writes the drivers for computer hardware?
Usually computer programmers. A company would tell the programmer what the hardware is intended for, and they would write the necessary driver(s) to enable the device to be used with the operating system.
