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This will depend upon what labels you are asking about - the FDA regulates most labels and has a standard list of nutrients as well as reference Recommended Daily Allowances (RDAs) that are used in the United States. However, the Food Safety and Inspection Service regulates labels on meat and poultry products, and labeling for grade and quality is generally handled by the USDA Agricultural Marketing Service.
I believe the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) is in charge of most food labels and the USDA (US Dept. of Agriculture) is in charge of labeling meat and poultry.
FDA
The FDA does not require food labels on fruit because there is no added substances.
The FDA
Food labels are governed by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States.
OSHA.
The Food and Drug Administration is in charge of food labels in the United States.
rules for food packaging labels
In the US, the government agency that checks drugs for safety and efficacy is the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Other countries have their own, different, government agencies for this purpose.
Nutrition labels must be read carefully to ensure that you are getting the correct amount of calories. The labels will give a serving size and the amount of servings provides. If you eat two granola bars and the serving size is for just one bar then you must double the amount of calories to determine how many total calories were ingested. The food and drug administration regulates nutrition labels and by going to their web site, you can find out how to properly read a nutrition label.
In the United States, the federal and state governments play a very large role. In the meat and poultry industry, the Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) has on-site inspectors at every establishment to make sure only healthy animals are allowed into the food chain and that the products are safe for consumers. For all other food groups, the Food and Drug Administration inspects all facilities.