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The relay's coil burns open. This is not necessarily the answer. Remember normally when a DC current is used a specific magnetism with a prominent North and South is created by the current carrying coil. If we are to use this magnetism together with another permanent magnet's interaction. a deflecting force results. This deflection can be controlled by a restraining spring and the angle of deflection is often a measure of the current. Now in place of the DC current an AC current is made to pass. The deflection is not shown by the meter as ac will create poles as per its frequency and direction of current flow. Also based on the magnitude of its current is the magnitude of the strength of the coils magnet magnet. Assuming same voltage in both cases the coil need not burn out. The deflection is absent here as polarity keeps reversing several times each second and the average value of the 2 forces cancel each other. In DC this deflection is prominent as the poles remain fixed. In relays there is no permanent magnet. However the AC current fed to relay coil will have a higher impedance in comparison to a DC current. This is because of a phenomenon called self inductance. The self inductance will create a back emf that will restrict the current in the coil. Hence the magnetising of the relay core will not be strong. Hence the relay may not operate at all. In Dc this back EMF is momentary and gradually the current increases to a maximum and stays steady. Hence a DC relay if fed by an AC voltage of same magnitude may not be able to pick up and do the necessary activation.
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