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This happened because proslavery Missourians crossed over into Kansas to vote illegally
Kansas - Nebraska act
The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854
they did not allow slavery
Hopeful that the people of Kansas and Nebraska might vote for slavery in those states.
The Kansas-Nebraska Act allowed settlers in those territories to decide whether or not to permit slavery through popular sovereignty, overturning the Missouri Compromise's restriction on slavery in certain territories. This led to violent conflicts between pro-slavery and anti-slavery settlers in Kansas, known as "Bleeding Kansas."
Kansas
The Kansas-Nebraska Act allowed the territories of Kansas and Nebraska to decide the issue of slavery by popular sovereignty. The people who lived in these territories would be able to vote on whether slavery would be allowed there. What effect did this have on Kansas?
The Kansas-Nebraska Act of the U.S. Congress said voters in these territories to choose whether they would allow slavery or not. Thousands of antislavery northerners went into Kansas and voted to forbid slavery, then returned home.
"Border Ruffians" from Missouri invaded Kansas and force election of a pro-slavery legislature.
the admission of kansas into the union
the vote over whether to allow slavery
The decision of whether to allow slavery or not in each state was left for the residents to decide.
Kansas was called "bloody Kansas" during the Civil war and before it, when there were riots about slavery there.Many of these riots happened after John Brown's riot.
The Kansas-Nebraska Act
Prior to the Civil War, several bloody clashes occurred between pro-slave and pro-free citizens while they were deciding their own status: whether to allow slavery or not, when they became a state.
The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 allowed the residents of Kansas and Nebraska to decide through popular sovereignty whether to allow slavery within their borders. This overturned the Missouri Compromise of 1820 and resulted in significant conflict and violence in the region as both pro- and anti-slavery settlers sought to influence the outcome.