What happened with the Prophet in the month of safar?

Answer 1

There are many such events, some of which we will refer to below:

(1) Ibn al-Qayyim said:

Then he himself [the Prophet ()] went on the military campaign

of al-Abwaa', also known as Waddaan. This was the first military

campaign in which he took part himself. It happened in Safar,

twelve months after the Hijrah. The banner, which was white, was

carried by Hamzah ibn 'Abd al-Muttalib. He appointed Sa'd ibn

'Ubaadah in charge of Madeenah (in his absence), and he went

out with the Muhaajireen only, to intercept a caravan of Quraysh,

but there was no fighting.

During this campaign, he made a peace treaty with Makhshiy ibn

'Amr al-Dumari, who was the leader of Bani Dumrah at his time,

agreeing that he would not attack Bani Dumrah and they would

not attack him, that they would never join any group to attack him

and that they would never help any enemy against him. The treaty

between them was written down, and the Prophet was away for

fifteen nights. (Zaad al-Ma'aad, 3/164, 165)

(2) And he said:

When Safar came (in 3 AH), some people from 'Adal and al-

Qaarah came to him and said that there Muslims among them,

and they asked him to send with them someone who would teach

them Islam and the Qur'aan. So he sent six people with them, according

to the report of Ibn Ishaaq. According to al-Bukhaari, the

number was ten. He put Marthad ibn Abi Marthad al-Ghanawi in

charge of them, and among them was Khubayb ibn 'Adiy. They

went with them, and when they reached al-Rajee' - which is water

belonging to Hudhayl, somewhere in the Hijaaz - they betrayed

them and sought the help of Hudhayl against them. So they came

and surrounded them; they killed most of them and took Khubayb

ibn 'Adiy and Zayd ibn al-Dathinah prisoner. They took them to

Makkah and sold them there, because they had killed some of the

leaders of Quraysh at Badr. (Zaad al-Ma'aad, 3/244)

(3) And he said:

In the same month of Safar, in 4 AH, there was the battle of Bi'r

Ma'oonah (the well of Ma'oonah), which may be summed up as

follows:

Abu Baraa' 'Aamir ibn al-Maalik, who was known as Mulaa'ib al-

Asinnah, came to the Messenger of Allaah () in Madeenah. He

invited him to Islam but he did not become Muslim, but neither

did he seem far away from doing so. He said, "O Messenger of

Allaah, why do you not send your companions to the

people of Najd to call them to your religion? I hope that

they would respond." The Prophet () said, "I fear that the

people of Najd may harm them." Abu Baraa' said: "They

will be under my protection." So he sent forty men with him,

according to the report of Ibn Ishaaq. According to al-Saheeh, the

number was seventy, and what is narrated in al-Saheeh is correct.

He put al-Mundhir ibn 'Amr, one of the tribe of Bani Saa'idah

which was known as al-Mu'annaq, in charge of them. They were

among the best, most virtuous and foremost Muslims. They travelled

until they stopped at Bi´r Ma'oonah - which is between the

land of Bani 'Aamir and the harrah (lava field) of Bani Sulaym -

where they camped. Then they sent Haraam ibn Milhaan, the

brother of Umm Sulaym, with the letter of the Messenger of Allaah

to the enemy of Allaah, 'Aamir ibn al-Tufayl. He did not look

at it, and he commanded a man to stab him in the back with a

spear. When he was stabbed and he saw the blood, he said, "I

have won, by the Lord of the Ka'abah [i.e., attained martyrdom]."

Then the enemy of Allaah immediately urged Banu 'Aamir to kill

the rest (of the Muslims), but they did not respond, because of the

protection of Abu Baraa'. Then he urged Bani Sulaym, and

'Asiyah, Ra'l and Dhakwaan responded to him. They came and

surrounded the companions of the Messenger of Allaah, and they

fought until they were all killed, except for Ka'b ibn Zayd ibn al16

Najjaar, who was found wounded among the dead. He lived until

he was killed at the battle of al-Khandaq. 'Amr ibn Umayyah al-

Dumari and al-Mundhir ibn 'Uqbah ibn 'Aamir were looking after

the animals of the Muslims, and they saw a bird hovering over the

battle field. Al-Mundhir ibn Muhammad came and fought the

mushrikeen until he was killed along with his companions, and

'Amr ibn Umayyah al-Dumari was taken prisoner. When he told

them that he was from Mudar, 'Aamir shaved his head and released

him on behalf of his mother who was obliged to free a

slave. 'Amr ibn Umayyah went back and when he reached al-

Qarqarah min Sadr Qanaah (a place), he rested in the shade of a

tree. Two men from Bani Kilaab came and rested there with him,

and when they slept 'Amr killed them. He thought that he had

avenged the deaths of his companions, but they had a treaty with

the Messenger of Allaah, of which he was unaware. When he came

(to Madeenah) he told the Messenger of Allaah what he had done,

and he said, "You have killed two people for whom I will

certainly pay the diyah (blood money)." (Zaad al-Ma'aad,

3/246-248)

(4) Ibn al-Qayyim said:

When he set out for Khaybar, it was the end of Muharram, not the

beginning, and he conquered it in Safar. (Zaad al-Ma'aad, 3/339-

340)

(5) And he said:

Section on the campaign of Qutbah ibn 'Aamir ibn Hadeedah to

Khath'am.

This took place in Safar 9 AH. Ibn Sa'd said: they said: the Messenger

of Allaah sent Qutbah ibn 'Aamir with twenty men to a region

of Khath'am at the end of Tibaalah, and he commanded him

to launch a raid. They went out with ten camels, which they took

turns riding. They captured a man and interrogated him, but he

would not speak, then he started yelling, raising the alarm, so they

killed him. They waited until the people had gone to sleep, then

they launched their attack. There was intense fighting, resulting in

many wounded on both sides. Qutbah ibn 'Aamir killed whoever

he killed, and they (the Muslims) took the cattle, women and

sheep to Madeenah. It says in the story that the people regrouped

and pursued them, then Allaah sent a great flood which came between

them and the Muslims, so the Muslims drove the cattle,

sheep and prisoners whilst they were looking on, but they could

not cross the water until they had gone. (Zaad al-Ma'aad, 3/514)

(6) And he said:

A delegation from 'Udhrah came to the Messenger of Allaah in Safar

of 9 AH, consisting of twelve men, including Jamrah ibn al-

Nu'maan. The Messenger of Allaah said: "Who are these

people?" Their spokesman said: "Some people that you may

know of; we are Bani 'Udhrah, the brother of Qusayy on

his mother's side. We are the people who supported Qusayy

and removed Khuzaa'ah and Bani Bakr from the

valley of Makkah. We have relatives and families." The

Messenger of Allaah said: "Welcome to you, I know you

well." They became Muslim, and the Messenger of Allaah gave

them the glad tidings of the conquest of Shaam (Syria) and the

flight of Heraclius to a well-fortified part of his country. The Messenger

of Allaah forbade them to consult fortunetellers, and to offer

the sacrifices which they used to offer, telling them that they

were obliged only to offer the udhiyah (sacrifice of 'Eid al-

Adhaa´). They stayed for a few days in the house of Ramlah, then

they departed." (Zaad al-Ma'aad, 3/657)