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What happens to the cooling water in a normally functioning nuclear plant does it all become radioactive eventually and how is it treated?
Napoleonsolo
Water itself does not become radioactive, luckily, but any dissolved material in the water in the reactor primary circuit gets irradiated by the neutron flux and so can become radioactive. Therefore it is very important to control the water purity, it is all treated in a demineralisation plant, but then that is normal practice for power plants anyway, the difference in a nuclear plant is that the removed material can be radioactive. The secondary water/steam system in a PWR will not become radioactive, neither will the station cooling water used to cool the turbine condenser.
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Why are nuclear coolers important?
because without the cooling effect produced most often by the addition of water, the heat produced by the nuclear energy production process will cause the nuclear substance (plutonium, uranium and other sources) to melt down and produce extremely dangerous radioactive gases into the natural and social environment. an example of this exact situation occurring is the incident in Fukushima, Japan 2011. Where an earthquake and tsunami disrupted energy production and cooling facilities causing partial meltdowns of the plants radioactive core and the release of radioactive gases into the lower atmosphere.
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A water cooler is a system that is designed to keep water cold for some use. This is done usually through an air cooling radiator system. These water coolers are normally used in cars.
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Swamp coolers, is a term that refers to a cooling tower composed of a device that moves air through a medium where water passes over. These swamp coolers work well to add moisture to normally dry air. This type of cooling system are usually found in very dry climates and cost very little to operate compared to air conditioners.
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The primary negative of nuclear power is nuclear waste. Nuclear reactors are fueled by rods filled with pellets of enriched uranium, which is deadly radioactive. The radioactive energy heats water into steam which drives turbine generators to produce electricity. But eventually, the rods "wear out" and lose their ability to generate steam, so they're replaced with fresh rods. The problem is, the old rods are still extremely hot and very radioactive! So, the nuclear power plant puts the old rods into the bottom of a giant cooling tank until they cool off enough to dispose of. However, even cooled-off waste is still poisonous and deadly radioactive for hundreds, even thousands of years. If the cooling rods are not constantly cooled, as what happened after the Japan quake/tsunami, they can emit radioactive steam or even melt down. If the melting radioactive slag reaches the water table or a stream, it can pollute the water and poison people who are exposed to it. Exposure to intensely radioactive material can be fatal.
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They call it "cooling" but it is not thermal cooling it is radiological "cooling" by decay of highly radioactive short half life isotopes. This reduces the radioactivity of the spent fuel and makes it easier to handle and process.
