Well, generally afterwards, you eat it. :)
If sodium was spray over a Bunsen burner flame you should observe a yellow-orange flame due to the presence of sodium ions.
If you were to spray potassium over a Bunsen burner flame it should emit a lilac/purple colored flame due to the presence of potassium ions.
NOTHING
It will melt at first and then slowly start to vaporize
you don't state whether the pot is metal or ceramic
This serves to spread out the point of application of the heat.
Porcelain is very heat resistant, so you can put it in a flame and it will remain intact, but it will also get extremely hot. Be careful not to burn yourself.
it's definetily rotten or moldy!
You will have very ugly hair...just saying
not the good ones. usually that only happens with shalac
UNDER a flame? Sure, why not? Over a flame? Close? Uhhh... NO
If a balloon is inflated and tied closed, then held over a flame, it will surely pop. The heat of the flame will melt the rubber that makes the balloon.