Density is a physical property of matter, as each element and compound has a unique density associated with it. Density defined in a qualitative manner as the measure of the relative "heaviness" of objects with a constant volume.
The Ginger Ale is more dense because it has more solutes (like sugar and flavoring) than water (even if the water contains salt).
5g ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- The volume of a teaspoon is considered to be 5 mL. The mass contained depends on the density of the material because the mass is the product between volume and density.
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How much salt water is present is not important, the problem is what is the concentration of salt in the water. The saltier it is, the denser the salt water becomes. If the salt water is denser in comparison to the density of the egg (which will more or less vary with each egg), then the egg will float; if not, then the egg will sink.
A teaspoon of water will be heavier. While they are both liquids, pudding will contain fat, which is less dense than water. (This is why oil and fat floats on top of water)
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In order to do this conversion you would need to know the density of the herb you are trying to figure out the weight of. For example: a teaspoon of bricks weighs more than a teaspoon of feathers, due to the fact that brick is more dense.
ANSWER You need to know the density of foodstuff. For example 1 US teaspoon of milk = 4.9 g 1 US teaspoon of milk powder = 2.4 g 1 US teaspoon of salt = 6.2 g and so on.
Water
A teaspoon is approximately 5 millilitres.