love
if you are observing a star 100 light years away, you are looking at it as it was 100 years ago.
By the color.
True.
You use a telescope to observe stars, and sometimes also use a star map.
Stellar masses can be determined by observing binary star-systems. The calculations of the orbits of the binary stars allow the masses of their component stars to be directly determined, which in turn allows other stellar parameters, such as radius and density, to be indirectly estimated.
if you are observing a star 100 light years away, you are looking at it as it was 100 years ago.
By the color.
True.
Yes.
Discovering the essential Universe by Neil F. Comins fourth edition Extrasolar planets can be discovered by observing them indirectly by using microlensing, by observing the Doppler shift of the star due to the pull of the orbiting planet, by observing the periodic variation of the proper motion of a star, and by observing the periodic variation of the starlight due to the planet passing between that star and Earth, an event called a transit.
Spectroscopy shows what elements are present in the star, it's chemical composition. The different elements give off different energy signatures through radiation, which relate to the wavelength and therefore colour.
observing
observing
research or background information
Observing is seeing for yourself what actually happened. Inferring is taking other information and trying to guess what actually happened.
Outerspace ... the twinkling effect happens when observing the star(s) through earth's atmosphere. If you were in space, they would not twinkle.
Observing involves using your senses to gather information directly from the environment, while inferring involves drawing conclusions or making interpretations based on your observations. Observing is typically concrete and factual, while inferring involves making educated guesses or connecting pieces of information to come to a deeper understanding.