Stars are observed by means of telescopes, which can have various photographic, spectroscopic, and image enhancement attachments.
Astrolabe or Sextant
an astrolobeThe instrument you are thinking of is the sextant and it was independently invented by two men at around the same time, John Hadley and Thomas Godfrey.Astrolabe
This instrument is a balance.
An instrument that measures heat and cold is called a thermometer.
A calorimeter measures heat. In contrast, a thermometer measures temperature.A thermometer bolometer - an instrument that measures heat radiation; extremely sensitive calorimeter - a measuring instrument that determines quantities of heatHeat is measured with a ThermometerThermometerThermometer or calorimeterThermometerthermometerHeat is measured with a thermometer.
An anemometer is the instrument that measures wind direction using a wind vane.
A thermometer measures molecular energy.
a creep meter
A ruler
A sextant
grams
ruler