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A representative sample.
The use of a small number of people to represent a greater population is called sampling. The sample can be randomly chosen so that it is a reliable reflection of most of the population.
a sample
Sample
California ranks number one in population. New York ranks number three in population.
A segment of a population targeted for study can be called a focus group. This is a small number of people that represent what you are wanting to learn more about.
The k-line on a population graph represents carrying capacity. Carrying capacity refers to the number of people that can be supported without destroying the ecosystem.
experimental group
Structurally, there are two Senators for every state. The number of Congressmen are a determined by the number of people they represent. So the larger the population, the more representatives you have.
That would depend upon the population of the state that the Senator(s) represent.
No, they have low population densities. The two ways to reduce population density are to reduce the number of people in the same area or to put the same number of people in a larger area. Deserts and swamps have both fewer people and more area than towns or villages.
Europe has the larger population. There are no countries on Antarctica and no permanent population.