Umm I'm learning stuff like this also. I'm not that good at explaining but ill try.
I may be wrong but from what I've researched it somehow takes in a clocksignal and multiplies it inside the central processor unit which then lets the internal circuitry stuff in the CPU work faster and i think it can do this by caching.
In comptia A+ book im going through it says "CPU's with caches spend the majority of their clock cycles performing calaculations and moving data back and forth with in the caches, not sending any data on the external bus.
Not quite sure if that bit was relevent but i gave it a go o.O
Hopefully someone with better knowledge can help
because it reduces the load....
2.
System bus frequency and multiplier
CPU speed is calculated off of the Front Side Bus (FSB) speed and the CPU Multiplier. Don't confuse HyperTransport (HT) or Quad Data Rate (QDR, aka Quad Pumping) with FSB. HyperTransport and QDR have "replaced" FSB, but they too rely on the FSB. FSB was formerly used as a transport medium for data between the processor, memory and northbridge chipset and is now used more just as a reference clock frequency. FSB * Multiplier = CPU Speed For example, my Sempron 3400+ runs at 2.0 GHz with an 800MHz HyperTransport bus. It runs on a 200 MHz FSB bus and has a multiplier of 10. The HyperTransport multiplier is 4. 200 MHz FSB * 10x Multiplier = 2,000 MHz CPU 200 MHz FSB * 8x HT Multiplier = 800 MHz HyperTransport bus
It depends on what you are using to overclock your CPU. If you use some kind of software, then it's reasonable because overclocking parameters are valid only when windows (or what ever you have) is running. Also new processors use so called speed stepping technology which allows cpus to change its multiplier and bus speed. When CPU is idling, for instance, when you are checking BIOS setting its decrease power consumption, when you start CPU-z it automatically increase the speed and multiplier.
Multiplying the clock is used today to make CPUs faster. The motherboard has a system clock that is slower than the CPU. In order to make CPUs faster they now use a multiplier. For instance if your motherboard speed is 200MHz and the CPU has a 2x multiplier then the CPU runs at 400MHz (2 x 200MHz). Some multipliers are as high as 10x. You would have to check either your BIOS are the manufactorer Web site for your CPU to see how much of a multiplier you have in your CPU. Some systems allow you to manipulate the CPU clock bu making it run faster than it is supposed to, this is called overclocking your CPU and is used mostly by games who want the most speed out of there system.
You end up with the advertised/effective CPU speed, such as 2.8GHz.
A CPU's performance usually is determined by its clock speed (separated into two values: a multiplier, and a base clock), number of cores, and what most average people don't take into account, is instructions per clock cycle. A base clock is the base unit of speed that the clock runs at. Typically it's at 100MHz. This value is multiplied by the multiplier to get the total clock speed (A CPU running at a clock speed of 3.4GHz will have a multiplier of 34 [34*100 = 3400MHz = 3.4GHz])
with HT and other issues this may not be right. By in order to get that number take 2530 and divide by 133 and you'll get roughly 19.
A desktop computer can be "over clocked" by increasing either the core CPU speed or CPU multiplier frequency to something greater than what the chip is rated for. This can be done in the BIOS of supported motherboards.
speed of a processor is measured by CMU(Clock Multiplier Unit). Formula:(speed of processor in Hz)/(FSB of processor)= CMU
AMD BE or Black Edition CPU's are exactly the same as the non-BE version with one difference. Black Edition CPU's have a unlocked multiplier allowing for easier overclocking, IE clocking a 3.2 ghz CPU to run at 3.8ghz for example.