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Constitutionally, the Governor General is the chief executive officer and commander-in-chief of Canada, and carries out the government of Canada in the Queen's name.

The Governor General's role is to carry out the functions of goverment. Actual decision making and debate is left to politicians, but the Governor General does have to grant assent to all legislation issued by Parliament or the Cabinet, call elections and referendums, appoint officials such as ministers and senators, conduct diplomatic relations with other governments, ect... Generally, the Governor General performs these duties on the advice of the Prime Minister, but the Governor General can exercise discretion in some cases, and always has the right to be informed and give advice to the ministers.

The Governor General represents the Queen in Canada, and most of the Queen's authority has been delegated to the Governor General as her personal representative. The Governor General plays an important role in granting Canadian honours, and participates in civilian and military ceremonies throughout the country and abroad. The Governor General also represents Canada internationally by conducting state visits.

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