Closure or blockage of the duodenum, the upper section of the small intestine
No, there is a 30-40% chance of Down Syndrome when duodenal atresia is diagnosed.
Atresia is a term related to cavities. Atresia is the condition in which a tube is blocked, or absent.
DefinitionDuodenal atresia is a condition in which the first part of the small bowel (the duodenum) has not developed properly. It is not open and cannot allow the passage of stomach contents.Causes, incidence, and risk factorsThe cause of duodenal atresia is unknown, but it is thought to result from problems during an embryo's development in which the duodenum does not normally change from a solid to a tube-like structure.Duodenal atresia is seen in more than 1 in 10,000 live births. Approximately 20-30% of infants with duodenal atresia have Down syndrome. Duodenal atresia is often associated with other birth defects.SymptomsUpper abdominal swelling may or may not be presentEarly vomiting of large amounts, which may be greenish (containing bile)Continued vomiting even when infant has not been fed for several hoursAbsent urination after first few voidingsAbsent bowel movements after first few meconium stoolsSigns and testsA fetal ultrasound may show excessive amounts of amniotic fluid in the womb, a condition called polyhydramnios. It may also show swelling of the baby's stomach and part of the duodenum.An abdominal x-ray may show air in the stomach and first part of duodenum, with no air beyond that. This is known as the double-bubble sign.TreatmentA tube is placed to decompress the stomach. Dehydration and electrolyte abnormalities are corrected by providing fluids through an intravenous tube. An evaluation for other congenital anomalies should be performed.Surgery to correct the duodenal blockage is necessary, but is not an emergency. The surgical approach will depend on the nature of the abnormality. Associated problems (such as those related to Down syndrome) must be treated as appropriate.Expectations (prognosis)Recovery from the duodenal atresia is expected after treatment. Untreated, the condition is deadly.ComplicationsOther birth defectsDehydrationAfter surgery, there may be late complications such as:Swelling of the first part of the small bowel (megaduodenum)Problems with movement through the intestinesGastroesophageal refluxCalling your health care providerCall your health care provider if your newborn is feeding poorly or not at all, vomiting (not simply spitting up), not urinating or stooling, or if the vomit is green.PreventionThere is no known prevention.ReferencesWyllie R. Intestinal atresia, stenosis, and malrotation. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 327.
Duodenal is not a sphincter. The other options (esophageal, pyloric, ileocecal) are all sphincters.
* Anal atresia -- congenital absence of a hole at the bottom end of the intestine. Also called imperforate anus. * Aortic atresia -- congenital absence of the normal valvular opening into the aorta. * Biliary atresia -- absence of the major bile ducts. * Choanal atresia -- congenital failure of one or both nasal passages to open. * Esophageal atresia -- a birth defect in which part of esophagus is not hollow. * Intestinal atresia -- obliteration of the hollow of the small intestine, involving the ileum (50% of cases) or the jejunum or duodenum. * Laryngeal atresia -- congenital failure of the laryngeal opening to develop, resulting in partial or total obstruction at or just above or below the glottis. * Pulmonary atresia -- congenital absence of the pulmonary valve opening in the heart. * Tricuspid atresia -- congenital lack of the tricuspid valve opening. * Vaginal atresia -- congenital occlusion of the vagina or subsequence adhesion (sticking together) of the walls of the vagina occluding it.
duodenal glands
About 80% of all ulcers in the digestive tract are duodenal ulcers.
An ovarian follicle atresia is a process in which immature ovarian follicles physically decline. Roughly 20 ovarian follicles mature every month but only one of them is ovulated and the rest go through the process of atresia. As such, there is no specific sign of ovarian follicle atresia as it is a natural process in the female reproductive cycle.
This website has easy to understand information about the duodenal switch. It should spark many good questions to ask your doctor. http://www.yourbariatricsurgeryguide.com/duodenal-switch/
Duodenal
Duodenal ulcers
Atresia