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Your canning process was deficient in some way - improper seals or inadequate time and/or temperature.
The most popular material for home canning jars is glass.
Commercial canning is done on a far greater scale than home canning. Other than that commercial canning includes methods not used in the home such as pasteurization and ionizing radiation. One more big difference is the types of containers used in commercial canning include tin-lined steel cans that require an opener to slice the lid from the can, and laminate vacuum pouches used for fruit drinks and other liquids. Home canning uses primarily glass jars with 2-piece lids. Finally, more chemicals are used in commercial canning than in home canning.
There are several purposes of the lid and rim on home canning jars. The 2-piece closure allows air to escape from the jar during processing. The air is pushed out of the jar by steam building up in the jar during the hot water bath method and from pressure in a pressure canner. During the canning process the air escapes under the lid. This is supposed to happen. If improper headspace is left in the jar it can cause liquid to escape from the jar when the air is vented. Check your recipes closely for headspace and measure each jar when filling.
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Following are the items needed to begin canning at home: water bath canner, pressure canner and cooker, canning rack, jars, jar lifter, magnetic lid lifter, wide neck canning funnel. In addition, there are canning kits available that make obtaining materials easier.
Janet Cooper has written: 'Home canning and preserving' -- subject(s): Canning and preserving, Cookbooks
Evelyn H. Johnson has written: 'Home canning' -- subject(s): Canning and preserving
Heating to over 160F will kill all major food spoilage bacteria. This is the process used in both pasteurization and food canning to preserve foods. If you do not heat to 160F enough bacteria will survive to cause the food to spoil in the can and cause food poisoning, this is a common issue with home canned food.
If you are asking about Ball-brand home canning products, that business was spun off in 1993. For information on Ball jars, the Ball Blue Book and other canning products, visit the Jarden Corporation at www.homecanning.com.
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