The minimum distance is approximately 54,500,000 km (34 million miles).
The farthest the Earth ever gets from the Sun is 152 million kilometers and the
nearest Mars ever gets to the Sun is 207 million kilometers. So Earth and Mars could, very rarely, be a little less than 55 million kilometers (34 million miles) apart, when they are directly in line with the Sun. The closest recent distance was in 2003, when they were 56 million kilometers at closest approach.
a circle
no
the distance between the earth and sun is shortest in the month of...
yes
400'ooo km
The two points and the centre of the earth define a plane, and the intersection of this plane with the surface of the earth is a circle - the "Great Circle". The shortest distance between the two points is the smaller of the two arcs on this circle.
five feet
The longest distance from Earth to the Sun is about 94.5 million miles (152 million kilometers) in July when Earth is farthest from the Sun (aphelion). The shortest distance is about 91.5 million miles (147 million kilometers) in January when Earth is closest to the Sun (perihelion).
The shortest distance from the given information will be its height
The shortest distance is displacement and total distance is length.
Globe
The distance actually depends on the orbit of the Earth and Moon, with 221,665 miles at the shortest point and 252,525 miles at the farthest point.