from Modern Catholic Dictionary by John A. Hardon, S.J. Doubleday & Co., Inc. Garden City, NY 1980
It is used to welcome new members to the Catholic Church for the first time in the sacrament of Baptism
Holy oil, also known as chrism oil, is typically used in holy orders. This oil is consecrated by a bishop and is used for anointing during sacraments such as baptism, confirmation, and holy orders in the Catholic Church. It is a mixture of olive oil and balsam, symbolizing the presence of the Holy Spirit.
The oils used for Baptism are Sacred Chrism and the Oil of the Catechumens. The Oil of the Catechumens MAY be used at the beginning of the ceremony (it's optional) and the Sacred Chrism is always used later on..SC = Sacrum Chrisma = Sacred ChrismOC = Oleum Catechumenorum = Oil of the Catechumens
Oil of Catechumens, Oil of the Sick, and Sacred Chrism
During the solemn rite of baptism both the so-called Oil of Catechumens and Sacred Chrism are used.
Oil of the Catechumens.
On Holy Thursday.
Oil of catechumens and oil of chrism
The Oil of Catechumens, sometimes referred to by its old name, the Oil of Exorcism.
The three oils (catechumens, sick, chrism) are blessd by a bishop in Holy Week. The Chrism oil is used on Easter for newly Baptized or Confirmed at that Mass.
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The three oils are Sacred Chrism (used at Baptism, Confirmation and Ordination), Oil of Catechumens (used for blessing those preparing for Baptism), and Oil of the Sick (used for Annointing of the Sick/Extreme Unction).
At the Easter Vigil, if someone is being baptized and confirmed, the Oil of Chrism (Sacred Chrism, an olive oil with balsam) is used. The Oil of Catechumens may be used with those being baptized, but is usually reserved for infant baptisms.