Substantiality refers to the size of the segment in terms of profitability for the firm
Substantiality- Identifiability and measurability-Accessible- Responsive-
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Unfortunately there is no straight answer for that. The only other guidance you get is that the excerpt must be "appropriate in kind or amount."
It depends on the nature of the use, the amount and substantiality used, the effect of the use on the market, and whether the use is considered transformative. There are no solid answers.
It depends on the length and substantiality of the excerpts used, and how they relate to the surrounding information. The only way to know for sure your use is not infringing is to get permission.
It depends on the type of film, the prominence of the game clip in the film, the "amount and substantiality" of the clip compared to the game as a whole, and much more. This is the type of question that is best answered by an experienced copyright attorney, rather than the internet.
Not necessarily, although they would have a reasonable chance of a fair use defense. When relying on fair use, however, it is important to remember that it's not only the amount of the portion used, but also the substantiality of the portion: if the line you recycle is the heart of the original poem, you might have trouble with the fair use defense.
Copyright laws apply to digital materials in the same way they apply to physical materials. To qualify as fair, the use of images must satisfy the "four factors:"the purpose and character of your usethe nature of the copyrighted workthe amount and substantiality of the portion taken, andthe effect of the use upon the potential market.
It depends on many factors, such as the amount of the lyrics used, the type of film project, and more. If the excerpt is significant in "amount and substantiality," and the film is not specifically educational, you would need a license to use the lyrics in the film to begin with, and that agreement would likely specify what distribution is allowed.
There is no clear answer in the law to this question; it is only determined in federal court as a defense to a claim of infringement. Section 107, the Fair Use clause, gives the four factors which are considered to determine whether a use was fair:the purpose and character of the usethe nature of the copyrighted workthe amount and substantiality of the portionthe effect of the use on the potential market
It depends on the amount and substantiality of the portion published, and the extent of access/distribution. Two pages of a 300-page book, accessible only on campus or only with a password, is different from a whole chapter open to the world. Your school library almost certainly has policies to cover this sort of issue, and would be the best source for detailed information.
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