It's called a siddur.
A Jewish prayer book is called a 'siddur'.
Jewish prayer book for weekdays, holidays, and Shabbat = siddur (סידור)Jewish prayer book specifically for Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur = machzor (מחזור)Jewish prayer book(let) for Passover = haggadah (הגדה)A non-Jewish prayer book would be called sefer t'filot (ספר תפילות) which means "book of prayers"
A prayer book.
In the Holy Ark in every synagogue (Jewish house of prayer).
The Jewish Bible is called the Tanakh, which includes the Torah and prophets. It is used for learning and teaching, hope and inspiration, reverence and prayer; and it is read from in the synagogue.
The Jewish prayerbook is the Siddur.
It is called a missal.
Yes, the book of common prayer is a prayer book.
Siddor
Israel is a secular country and, as a result, has no official prayer or hymn book. If the question is using "Israel" as a euphemism for Judaism, the prayer book and hymnal for Judaism is the Siddur (סידור).
It's called a machzor shel sukkot.
There is a book by Morris Epstein (available through Abebooks) called All About Jewish Holidays and Customs.