gause mat
It's heat treatment. By heating and cooling a metal under very controlled circumstances the properties of the metal can be improved.
Chipped glassware is much more likely to shatter fully than unchipped glassware under thermal or mechanical stress.
A buttweld is a junction welded by heating two ends of metal with a weld plate and joining them under a specific pressure.
UNDER a flame? Sure, why not? Over a flame? Close? Uhhh... NO
ceramic square- used under hot apparatus or glassware
A water bath is used for heating alcohol, as this keeps alcohol (flammable) away from open flames.
A heat is used to increase the thermal energy in whatever you are testing. In a typical classroom situation, the heat will be supplied by a Bunsen Burner, which provides a flame. This flame is then used to heat whatever object needs heating. For example, boiling a beaker of water by applying the heat under said beaker.
There is no specific degree that creates a white flame. However, it is considered a very hot flame, just under blue, which is known as the hottest flame.
The black bottom is a reaction of residual fumes from the flame, combined with the heat reaction of the metal. This isn't a dangerous sign at all.
convection
Yes
they have blubber under their skin they have blubber under their skin