A disease that effects the myelin sheath is multiple sclerosis (MS).
The function of the myelin sheath is to act as an insulator for the nerve cell. It's kind of like the rubber casing found on the outside of wires to protect the electron movement inside and allow us not to get shocked. MS causes the destruction of the myelin sheath which causes it to scar and harden and as a result we short circuit in our body. This is equivalent to peeling off some of the rubber casing off a wire and then plugging the wire into a socket.
Some results of MS are:
-double vision
-speech impairment
-jerky limbs
-paralyzed muscles.
Grand mal epilepsy is caused by destruction of the myelin sheath. There are few other diseases, that are associated with myalin sheath destruction.
Multiple Sclerosis
Guillaume barre syndrome
Demyelination
You can have benign tumors of myelin sheath cells, like astrocytoma. Nerve cells do not divide and so you do not get tumors of nerve cells. Also destruction of the myelin sheath is the cause of MS (multiple sclerosis).
Myelin sheath
The myelin sheath. Due to its insulating properties, the myelin sheath prevents the movement of ions in nerve cells. Therefore nervous impulses will jump between the gaps in the myelin sheath (called the Nodes of Ranvier). This is a lot quicker than the conduction in non-myelinated nerve fibres which occurs by the movement of ions across each of the nerve cell membranes.
Myelin sheaths insulate nerve fibers
That substance is called the myelin cell or myelin sheath.
Muscular sclerosis is hardening and degeneration of the myelin sheath. Muscular sclerosis Multiple sclerosis is a disorder marked by destruction of the myelin sheath on neurons in the CNS and replacement with hard scar tissue.
You can have benign tumors of myelin sheath cells, like astrocytoma. Nerve cells do not divide and so you do not get tumors of nerve cells. Also destruction of the myelin sheath is the cause of MS (multiple sclerosis).
Myelin Sheath Myelin Sheath
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Myelin Sheath Myelin Sheath
An insulating layer that surrounds the axon is a myelin sheath.
Demyelinating diseases such as Multiple Sclerosis, Krabbe's Disease, and Guillain-Barre Syndrome involve degeneration of the myelin sheath. In these conditions, movement is limited to minimal as nerve conduction is reduced due to the loss of efficacy of the myelin.
Myelin sheath
The endoneurium surrounds and protects the myelin sheath.
A myelin sheath is a layer of myelin (a dielectric, or electric insulator) around the axon of a neuron.
The reason for the destruction of myelin in GBS is unknown, although it is thought that the underlying problem is autoimmune in nature
Oligodendrocytes are specialized neurolgical cells that produce myelin sheath.