shawl
A long thin scarf is typically called a "scarf" or a "skinny scarf".
It can be called a cap or a scarf.
It's still just called a scarf, or a men's scarf if you are being super-picky about it.
A boa
The finger like projections are called fimbrae
A huntsman's is called a stock
It can be called a cap or a scarf.
fanon
A fichu
what are the Mexican landmarks called
it is called a mexican hat