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The greenish-yellow gas with high electron affinity is chlorine (Cl₂). Chlorine is a halogen that readily gains electrons to achieve a stable electronic configuration, making it highly reactive. In its diatomic form, it appears as a yellow-green gas at room temperature and is commonly used in disinfection, bleaching, and chemical synthesis.
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Why do halogens have a high electron affinity?
Halogens have a high electron affinity because they have a strong desire to gain an electron to achieve a stable electronic configuration with a full outer energy level. This electron gain releases energy, making the process energetically favorable. This characteristic contributes to the reactivity of halogens in chemical reactions.
Which element has the highest electron affinity in period 3?
In Period 3 of the periodic table, chlorine (Cl) has the highest electron affinity. This is due to its strong tendency to gain an electron to achieve a stable noble gas configuration, which is that of argon. Chlorine's high electronegativity and effective nuclear charge also contribute to its significant ability to attract additional electrons.
What is electron gen enthalpy?
Electron Gain Enthalpy is the amount of Energy released when an isolated gaseous atom accepts an electron to become a monovalent gaseous anion.For Example:Atom(gas) +Electron ---->Anion(gas) +Energy(Electron Gain Enthalpy)
Why group 18 noble gases have positive electron affinity values?
Group 18 noble gases typically have positive electron affinity values because they possess a complete outer electron shell, making them energetically stable and less inclined to attract additional electrons. However, when an electron is added to a noble gas, it can lead to slight destabilization due to electron-electron repulsion in the resulting anion. As a result, the process of adding an electron is often endothermic, resulting in positive electron affinity values for these elements.
Would you expect the noble gas neon to have a negative electron affinity?
No, neon is not expected to have a negative electron affinity. Noble gases, including neon, have a full valence shell, making them stable and chemically inert. As a result, they do not tend to gain electrons, and any addition of an electron would require energy rather than release it, leading to a positive or zero electron affinity rather than a negative one.
Which element would most likely have a positive electron affinity between Na Al Rb and Ar?
Chlorine (Cl) would most likely have a positive electron affinity. Typically, elements with high electron affinities are found on the right side of the periodic table, closer to the noble gases. Among the choices given, Argon (Ar) is a noble gas and has a positive electron affinity.
What is the electron affinity of argon?
The electron affinity of argon, like all noble gases, is 0, or very close to it, due to its chemical inertness.
Why do halogens have a high electron affinity?
Halogens have a high electron affinity because they have a strong desire to gain an electron to achieve a stable electronic configuration with a full outer energy level. This electron gain releases energy, making the process energetically favorable. This characteristic contributes to the reactivity of halogens in chemical reactions.
Why electron affinity of fluorine is large?
Electron affinity of an element is defined as the energy released by adding an electron to a gaseous atom of the element. With the electronic configuration of the fluroine atom being [Ne] 2s2 2p5, it needs just one more electron to form the fluoride ion (F-) which has the noble gas structure and is much more stable.
Which element has the highest electron affinity in period 3?
In Period 3 of the periodic table, chlorine (Cl) has the highest electron affinity. This is due to its strong tendency to gain an electron to achieve a stable noble gas configuration, which is that of argon. Chlorine's high electronegativity and effective nuclear charge also contribute to its significant ability to attract additional electrons.
Why is the electron affinity of Mg lower than the electron affinity of K?
The electron affinity of magnesium (Mg) is lower than that of potassium (K) because Mg is a smaller atom with a fully-filled valence shell, making it less likely to accept an additional electron. In contrast, potassium is a larger atom with an electron configuration that benefits from gaining an electron to achieve a stable inert gas configuration.
What is electron gen enthalpy?
Electron Gain Enthalpy is the amount of Energy released when an isolated gaseous atom accepts an electron to become a monovalent gaseous anion.For Example:Atom(gas) +Electron ---->Anion(gas) +Energy(Electron Gain Enthalpy)
What properties will element 117 probably have?
Gas at room temperature, radioactivity, low electron affinity, or low creativity?
Why group 18 noble gases have positive electron affinity values?
Group 18 noble gases typically have positive electron affinity values because they possess a complete outer electron shell, making them energetically stable and less inclined to attract additional electrons. However, when an electron is added to a noble gas, it can lead to slight destabilization due to electron-electron repulsion in the resulting anion. As a result, the process of adding an electron is often endothermic, resulting in positive electron affinity values for these elements.
Would you expect the noble gas neon to have a negative electron affinity?
No, neon is not expected to have a negative electron affinity. Noble gases, including neon, have a full valence shell, making them stable and chemically inert. As a result, they do not tend to gain electrons, and any addition of an electron would require energy rather than release it, leading to a positive or zero electron affinity rather than a negative one.
What is energy released on adding an electron to an isolated gas phase atom?
The energy released on adding an electron to an isolated gas phase atom is called electron affinity. It represents the willingness of an atom to accept an additional electron. The process can release energy if the atom's electron affinity is negative, indicating that the atom is stable after gaining an electron.
Which element would release the most energy while adding an electron to a neutral atom in the gas phase?
Chlorine (Cl) would release the most energy when adding an electron to a neutral atom in the gas phase. This is due to its high electronegativity and relatively small atomic radius, which allows it to effectively attract an additional electron and achieve a stable electron configuration. The process of electron affinity is highly exothermic for chlorine, making it one of the elements with the highest energy release upon electron addition.
