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Why do halogens have a high electron affinity?
because they need only one element to make noble gas structure.
What is electron gen enthalpy?
Electron Gain Enthalpy is the amount of Energy released when an isolated gaseous atom accepts an electron to become a monovalent gaseous anion.For Example:Atom(gas) +Electron ---->Anion(gas) +Energy(Electron Gain Enthalpy)
What is energy released on adding an electron to an isolated gas phase atom?
All electron shells represent an energy level - it doesn't matter if its the outermost shell or not. In order for there to be a release of energy the electron has to be coming from a higher energy state. The only energy state higher than the outer-most electron shell would be a free electron. The only way an electron becomes a free electron is that sufficient was provided to lift it from what-ever electron shell (energy level) it was previously in to escape velocity. The energy that it then releases in returning is then this exact same amount of energy.
Why does carbon cannot gain or lose 4 electrons to attain its nearest noble gas configuration?
gain 4 electrons:- Because the energy released (electron affinity) for the addition of four electrons is too high, Lose 4 electrons:- energy required to lose electrons (the sum of the first 4 ionization energies) is too high
Why the first electron affinity is negative?
The electron affinity, or EA, of nitrogen is less than zero (EA = -7) because of is electron configuration, which is [He] 2s2 2p3. Nitrogen, as a neutral atom has a half-filled p-orbital, and by Hund's Rule, that means that each p-orbital has 1 unpaired electron. In the same way that a completely filled orbital is especially stable (like the noble gases), a half-filled orbital IN A NITROGEN ATOM IS HIGHLY UNSTABLE ([He] 2s2 2p4).In contrast, carbon, C, has a much larger electron affinity (EA = -123.4 kJ/mol) because it has electron configuration [He] 2s2 2p2, which means that the addition of one more electron will bring it to an extra stable half-filled shell. Fluorine of course has an extremely high electron affinity (EA = -331.4 kJ/mol) because of it's electron configuration, [He] 2s2 2p5, where the addition of one more electron gives it a completely filled valence shell or noble gas configuration, [He] 2s2 sp6.
Why do halogens have a high electron affinity?
because they need only one element to make noble gas structure.
What is electron gen enthalpy?
Electron Gain Enthalpy is the amount of Energy released when an isolated gaseous atom accepts an electron to become a monovalent gaseous anion.For Example:Atom(gas) +Electron ---->Anion(gas) +Energy(Electron Gain Enthalpy)
What properties will element 117 probably have?
Gas at room temperature, radioactivity, low electron affinity, or low creativity?
Why electron affinity of fluorine is large?
Electron affinity of an element is defined as the energy released by adding an electron to a gaseous atom of the element. With the electronic configuration of the fluroine atom being [Ne] 2s2 2p5, it needs just one more electron to form the fluoride ion (F-) which has the noble gas structure and is much more stable.
What is energy released on adding an electron to an isolated gas phase atom?
All electron shells represent an energy level - it doesn't matter if its the outermost shell or not. In order for there to be a release of energy the electron has to be coming from a higher energy state. The only energy state higher than the outer-most electron shell would be a free electron. The only way an electron becomes a free electron is that sufficient was provided to lift it from what-ever electron shell (energy level) it was previously in to escape velocity. The energy that it then releases in returning is then this exact same amount of energy.
How do you determine electron affinity?
Measure the equilibrium constant for the reaction of thermal electrons with a species at different temperatures. this has been done with an electron capture detector. another way to measure it is to make a negative ion and shine light on it and measure the energy of the electrons removed by this process Dr.Edward Chen
Why does carbon cannot gain or lose 4 electrons to attain its nearest noble gas configuration?
gain 4 electrons:- Because the energy released (electron affinity) for the addition of four electrons is too high, Lose 4 electrons:- energy required to lose electrons (the sum of the first 4 ionization energies) is too high
Why the first electron affinity is negative?
The electron affinity, or EA, of nitrogen is less than zero (EA = -7) because of is electron configuration, which is [He] 2s2 2p3. Nitrogen, as a neutral atom has a half-filled p-orbital, and by Hund's Rule, that means that each p-orbital has 1 unpaired electron. In the same way that a completely filled orbital is especially stable (like the noble gases), a half-filled orbital IN A NITROGEN ATOM IS HIGHLY UNSTABLE ([He] 2s2 2p4).In contrast, carbon, C, has a much larger electron affinity (EA = -123.4 kJ/mol) because it has electron configuration [He] 2s2 2p2, which means that the addition of one more electron will bring it to an extra stable half-filled shell. Fluorine of course has an extremely high electron affinity (EA = -331.4 kJ/mol) because of it's electron configuration, [He] 2s2 2p5, where the addition of one more electron gives it a completely filled valence shell or noble gas configuration, [He] 2s2 sp6.
Why is halogens more reactive than noble gas?
Halogens are reactive because they don't have a full octet. Noble gases are inert because they have a full octet. In order for a halogen to fulfill it's octet it must gain an electron. The electron usually comes from another atom such as sodium or another alkali metal but the electron can come from another source.
Why do halogens in group 7 have such have such high electron affinities?
Because they only need 1 electron to get the inert/noble gas structure and thus be extremely stable.
Why do the halogens in group 7a have such high electron in affinities?
Mostly they are highly electronegative and they only need one electron to fill their outer shell in a noble gas octet configuration.
Do noble gases react?
The noble gases are usually inert, because their electron shells are full. The further away an electron is the higher its energy and the less of a hold the protons have one it. If a highly electro-negative element comes in contact with a noble gas in high heat, the noble gas can lose an electron. Thus the noble gas becomes a cation. The cation noble gas is free to from a ionic bond with a anion.
