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Religion, in a way. Previously, Muslim Arab countries were united in their dislike of Hebrew Israel. Today, there is a fierce struggle for power between Shi'ite and Sunni Muslim countries. The battlefield is Syria, where the Government is supported by Shi'ite countries such as Iran, and the (mostly Sunni) rebels by Sunni Muslim countries like Saudi Arabia. The Sunni rebels again despise the Syrian Government amongst others because of their Alawite Muslim background: Sunni Muslims consider the Alawite faith a heresy. The Saudi war with Yemen also is caused by its fear of an eventual 'encirclement' by Shi'ite Muslim-dominated countries.

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