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entailment
Not mandatory for ordinary people. It would be mandatory for people in government leadership jobs.
TDS refers to Tax Deducted at Source. In regard to certain incomes, government makes it mandatory to deduct a certain amount of tax by the person who is making payment to other party. For example, while making rent payment by the tenant to the landlord, tenant may be required to retain a certain amount of rent payment as tax (TDS) and deposit the same with the government.
Mandatory
Mandatory & Discretionary
social security
it is a direct payment from the state to the local government
Conscription, compulsory service, mandatory/mandated service, a draft... any of those could be appropriate, depending on context.
That would be a mandatory expense.
Amonthley payment on a house is called a "Mortgage"
Advance tax payment is paying of tax to the government in advance, before the year ends. The government do not provide special bonuses.
A fixed payment which is made annually is called an annuity.