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What is a radial engine?

Updated: 8/17/2019
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13y ago

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There were basically two types of aircraft engines, in-line and radial. In-line engines were like most car engines. You start with a solid block of metal and bore large holes in it for the pistons, one hole behind the other, all in a row. Normally these had to be water-cooled, adding an extra vulnerability to the airplane. A bullet through the radiator would soon cause all the coolant to leak out and soon the engine would seize up from overheating. Radial engines have the cylinders bolted on around the outside, like spokes on a wheel. They radiate from the middle, hence radial. Radial engines are roughly round, and wide when compared to an inline engine, but short, front to back. Because the cylinders are outside, all around the edge, not in the middle of a cylinder block, radial engines can be air-cooled. Think of the nose of a US P-47 - its blunt and wide because of its large radial engine housed there. The US P-51 had an in-line engine, and a pointy nose. The same with Germany's Bf 109 - pointy, inline, and the FW 190, blunt, wide, radial.

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