appropriate resistance is to be inserted between the neutral point of the transformer and the earthing mat to restricted earth fault current.
for this purpose a sensitive earth leakage relay is used. in the event of a fault, fault current returning to the system neutral trips an earth leakage relay and disconnects the supply.
anand r. ambekar
Natural changes in the components of earth's climate system and their interactions are the cause of internal climate variability, or "internal forcings." Scientists generally define the five components of earth's climate system to include Atmosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, lithosphere (restricted to the surface soils, rocks, and sediments), and biosphere.
The only activity that does not affect the earth's system is Converting Solar Energy. This is healthy for the earth.
identify ways materials are cycled within the earth system
The earth could be considered a system because many things are mixing at the same time.
Geosphere, Hydrosphere,Atmosphere, and Biosphere
Neutral-earthing reactors or Neutral grounding reactors are connected between the neutral of a power system and earth to limit the line-to-earth current to a desired value under system earth fault conditions.
I'm guessing this is in reference to a restricted earth fault, and you want to know what the opposite is? Restricted earth fault protection is designed to operate for earth faults within a specific zone. Unrestricted protection will operate for faults "anywhere", as long as the pickup can be satisfied. For example, REF (restricted earth fault) transformer protection looks for a small amount of neutral current, and if this exists, and the relay identifies this current as being within the zone of protection, the relay will trip. If it were unrestricted, the small amount of neutral current alone would be enough to cause a trip.
Trade was restricted by the Continental System.
It is done by connecting the neutral to earth at the transformer that produces the three-phase supply. If the three phase wire supply equal currents, there is no current in the neutral wire and its whole length stays at earth potential, but if there is current in the neutral it produces a small voltage on the neutral at places away from the transformer.
See related link. The neutral wire provides the electric current a return path back to the electrical generation system. It is connected to earth ground, and should have no electric potential in relation to earth ground.
Neutral CTs are used to measure neutral current, which is indicitive of a problem on the power system that protective equipment should interrupt. A similar question would be "why use phase CTs...". Because they can be used to tell the protective device that something is abnormal, and action should be taken. Neutral CTs can be used for several different things - overcurrent tripping, polarizing, and zone limiting (as in restricted earth fault protection for transformer differentials).
system will b damaged or destroyed in case of failures.............if we provide neutral d short ckt current passed through earth directly ,with out disturbing the system
Cellular processes are generally restricted to pH level 6 to pH level 8. This range is more towards the neutral range. ph7 is considered neutral.
You can not have a "neutral earth" the "neutral" and the "earth" are separate wires/connections and should not be cross connected or muddled up.
Answer for USA, Canada and countries running a 60 Hertz supply service.Yes, the neutral is connected to a system ground in the main distribution panel.
Neutral is the current return for the hot leg(s). Neutral is grounded, so as to limit the maximum voltage of any of the hots with respect to earth ground. In a typical residential 120/240VAC split phase system, either of the hots with respect to neutral is 120VAC. In a three phase system, neutral is at the center of the wye configuration, and each of the three hots returns power to it.
As the neutral point of an electrical supply system is often connected to earth ground, ground and neutral are closely related. Under certain conditions, a conductor used to connect to a system neutral is also used for grounding (earthing) of equipment and structures. Current carried on a grounding conductor can result in objectionable or dangerous voltages appearing on equipment enclosures, so the installation of grounding conductors and neutral conductors is carefully defined in electrical regulations. Where a neutral conductor is used also to connect equipment enclosures to earth, care must be taken that the neutral conductor never rises to a high voltage with respect to local ground.