A sleeper earring (more commonly known as a studs now.) Sleepers are an older term used to describe the small earrings that you wear at all times, including over night, when you first have your ears pierced.
The part of the earring that goes through your ear is called "the post".
There is a lexical gap for 'ripping your earring off,' meaning there is no word to describe that specific thing.
The barbell earring that goes on the upper part of your cartilage is called an "industrial" piercing, but some people also call it a "scaffold" piercing.
Well, the average earring gauge is 18g and the average lip gauge is 14g-16g so I wouldn't suggest using an earring for your lip because it'd look pretty funny in my opinion.
I am really not sure about the type of earring you are talking about but there is a shape called inverted teardrop. Maybe I can help you better if you upload any picture of the earrings.
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It is a small, silver loop. However, when he is a child, he does not have this.
The back of the earring is called the post, if it is a stud type, or a wire if it is a drop. The fasteners are called butterflies and there is also a fastener which clamps onto the post called an Omega fastener
Ear Lobe
Usually they put a short bar in it, but they could also use a small hoop/ring or a captive earring.